Discuss and evaluate best practices through engaging in literature review in order to document report on the influence of technology as external determinant on the education system of South Africa, Swaziland and Maphuto
The use of technology in the educational systems of South Africa, Swaziland, and Maphuto has become increasingly important in recent years. A literature review was conducted in order to document and evaluate the best practices for integrating technology into the educational systems of these countries.
One best practice that emerged from the literature is the need for adequate infrastructure and resources. This includes internet access, computers, and educational software. Without these resources, the full potential of technology in education cannot be realized. In South Africa, for example, the government has launched an initiative to provide schools with internet access and computers.
Another best practice is the need for teacher training and support. Teachers need to understand how to effectively use technology in their classrooms in order to fully benefit their students. In Swaziland, for example, the Ministry of Education and Training has provided training for teachers on how to integrate technology into lessons.
A third best practice is the need for monitoring and evaluation. It is important to assess the impact of technology on students' learning outcomes and adjust approaches accordingly. In Maphuto, for example, the World Bank provided support for the development of an education management information system to track student progress and improve accountability.
These best practices highlight the importance of a comprehensive approach to integrating technology into the educational systems of South Africa, Swaziland, and Maphuto. By providing adequate infrastructure and resources, teacher training and support, and monitoring and evaluation, students can benefit from the transformative power of technology in their education.
Discuss and evaluate best practices through engaging in literature to report influence of technology as external determinant on educational systemof South Africa,Swaziland and Maphuto
Effects that technology as an external determinant has on South Africa Ghana and Rwanda
The effects of technology as an external determinant on South Africa, Ghana, and Rwanda are multifaceted. Here are some of the most significant effects:
1. Economic Growth: Technology has been a significant driver of economic growth in all three countries. For example, in South Africa, the technology sector is one of the fastest-growing and most dynamic sectors in the economy. In Ghana, the tech industry has grown by an average of 28% per year since 2010. And in Rwanda, the government's investments in technology have helped to transform the country into a hub for innovation and entrepreneurship.
2. Education: Technology has enabled significant advances in education in all three countries. For example, in South Africa, the government's e-learning program has provided students with access to educational materials and courses online. In Ghana, several universities have implemented online learning platforms to supplement classroom learning. And in Rwanda, tablets and laptops have been distributed to schools to enhance teaching and learning.
3. Healthcare: Technology has also had a significant impact on healthcare in all three countries. For example, in South Africa, telemedicine has been used to provide remote diagnosis and treatment in rural areas. In Ghana, a mobile health program has helped to increase access to healthcare in underserved areas. And in Rwanda, the government has implemented an electronic health information system to improve patient care and outcomes.
4. Connectivity: Finally, technology has helped to connect people and communities in all three countries. For example, in South Africa, social media and messaging apps have played a significant role in mobilizing and organizing protests and social movements. In Ghana, mobile banking has enabled people to access financial services and transfer money easily and securely. And in Rwanda, mobile phone ownership has grown rapidly, providing people with access to information and services that were previously unavailable.
In conclusion, technology has had significant effects on South Africa, Ghana, and Rwanda, impacting economic growth, education, healthcare, connectivity, and more. While there are certainly challenges associated with the use of technology in these countries, its potential to improve people's lives cannot be ignored.
The differences and similarities
That can be identified on the basis of technology as an external determinant of the education systems of South Africa Ghana and Rwanda
While all three countries have been influenced by technology as an external determinant in their education systems, there are also some differences and similarities that can be identified.
Similarities:
1. Emphasis on Access: All three countries are focusing on increasing access to technology in their education systems. This includes providing students and teachers with access to computers, internet connectivity, and educational software.
2. Investment in Infrastructure: All three countries are investing in their technological infrastructure in order to support their educational systems. This includes building data centers, providing internet access, and implementing e-learning platforms.
3. Use of Mobile Technology: Mobile technology is an important tool in all three countries' education systems. It has been used to provide educational resources and materials, facilitate communication, and increase access to educational opportunities.
Differences:
1. Funding Sources: The sources of funding for technology in education vary across the three countries. For example, in South Africa, the government has invested heavily in technology in education, while in Ghana, funding has come from private sector initiatives.
2. Implementation Strategies: Each country has taken a different approach to implementing technology in their education systems. For example, in South Africa, the focus has been on rolling out e-learning in public schools, while in Rwanda, the government has provided schools with tablets and laptops.
3. Levels of Access: Despite the emphasis on access, levels of access to technology still vary across the three countries. In South Africa, access to technology is still limited in many rural and underprivileged areas, while in Ghana, access to technology is often hindered by unreliable electricity and internet connectivity.
In conclusion, while there are similarities between South Africa, Ghana, and Rwanda in terms of their use of technology in education, there are also significant differences in funding sources, implementation strategies, and levels of access. These differences illustrate the unique challenges and opportunities that each country faces as they seek to integrate technology into their education systems.
The difficulties of learning English in South Africa
The difficulties of learning English in South Africa can be attributed to a variety of factors, including historical, social, and linguistic factors.
1. Historical Factors: The apartheid system in South Africa played a significant role in creating socio-economic and linguistic disparities that still affect the country today. During apartheid, Black South Africans were prohibited from receiving education in English, which was the language of the minority white population. As a result, many Black South Africans grew up speaking a first language other than English and may not have had access to high-quality instruction in English.
2. Social Factors: Language learning is heavily influenced by social factors, including access to quality education and exposure to English-speaking environments. Many students in South Africa come from low-income families and attend schools with few resources and poorly trained teachers, which can hamper their ability to learn English well. Additionally, there may be limited opportunities for students to practice their English skills outside of the classroom, as their communities may not be predominantly English-speaking.
3. Linguistic Factors: English is a highly complex language, with a vast and intricate vocabulary and complex grammatical rules. Learning English can be challenging for students who come from languages that have different grammatical structures or fewer linguistic resources. Additionally, pronunciation can be a challenge, as English has many sounds that are not present in other languages.
4. Varieties of English: South Africa has many different varieties of English, including British English, American English, and several distinct South African English dialects. This can make learning English more challenging for students who may encounter a variety of accents and dialects depending on where they are in the country, which can make understanding and speaking English difficult.
In conclusion, the difficulties of learning English in South Africa can be attributed to a range of historical, social, and linguistic factors. Addressing these challenges will require a concerted effort to improve the quality of education, provide students with greater opportunities to practice their English skills, and address the socio-economic disparities that still affect the country.
How to teach English FAL in the intermediate phase
Teaching English First Additional Language (FAL) in the intermediate phase requires a combination of different approaches, methods, and strategies to cater to the needs and abilities of diverse learners. Here are some tips to consider when teaching English FAL in the intermediate phase:
1. Creating a supportive learning environment: The classroom should be a safe and supportive space where learners feel comfortable to express themselves in English without fear of ridicule. Teachers can maintain a positive classroom atmosphere by promoting respectful interactions and encouraging learners to collaborate in pairs, small groups, or whole-class activities.
2. Balancing language skills: English FAL instruction should balance Reading, Writing, Listening, and Speaking skills. Teachers should consider integrating these skills into every lesson and assess learners' progress on each skill.
3. Effective planning: Teachers should carefully plan lessons and activities to ensure progressive development of language skills. A variety of teaching resources like textbooks, online resources, videos, and interactive media can be used to enhance learning. The curriculum should be based on aspects such as building vocabulary, reading comprehension, and grammar rules.
4. Active learning: Learners should be actively involved in the learning process. Students learn better when they are allowed to practice new concepts and apply them in real-world situations.
5. Differentiation and assessment: English FAL learners' abilities may differ. Therefore, teachers must provide differentiated learning opportunities that meet the needs of all learners. Also, it's essential to provide formative and summative assessment opportunities to measure learners' progress.
6. Using technology: Technology can be used to enhance learners' experience by incorporating multimedia content, ensuring remote teaching and learning.
By implementing these tips, teachers can create a positive and supportive learning environment, foster active learning and engagement, and adequately support learners' needs in English FAL instruction, providing a strong foundation for academic and social success.
Writing and presenting lesson
Objectives
Writing effective lesson objectives is essential to delivering a successful lesson and ensuring student learning. Here are some tips on how to write and present lesson objectives:
1. Keep it clear and concise: Lesson objectives should be easy to understand and concise. Use simple, action-oriented language that is relevant to the learning needs of your students. Avoid technical jargon and use clear and straightforward phrasing.
2. Use observable verbs: The objectives should contain measurable, observable, and meaningful verbs that can be used to assess whether the objective has been achieved. Use verbs like 'explain,' 'discuss,' 'analyze,' 'summarize,' 'demonstrate,' and 'create' to ensure that the objectives are clear and well-defined.
3. Align with learning outcomes: Learning objectives should align with broader learning outcomes. This can be achieved by ensuring that the lesson objectives are in line with the state or national standards for the subject or grade level.
4. Use the SMART format: An effective way to ensure lesson objectives are clear and well-defined is to use the SMART format. Objectives should be Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Time-bound.
5. Present the objectives: Before beginning a lesson, clearly present the lesson objectives to the students in a way that they can understand. This can be done verbally, visually, or through a written format. It is important to explain how achieving these objectives will benefit the students.
6. Review the objectives: At the end of the lesson, review the objectives with the students to ensure that they have achieved the desired outcomes. This can be done through an assessment or another activity that requires students to demonstrate their learning.
In conclusion, writing effective lesson objectives is essential to delivering a successful lesson and ensuring student learning. By keeping objectives clear and concise, using observable verbs, aligning with learning outcomes, and using the SMART format, teachers can present objectives effectively and increase student engagement and success.
How does the grammar translation approach influence during teaching and learning
The grammar-translation approach is a traditional method of teaching foreign languages that focuses on teaching grammar rules and translation skills. While it was widely used in the past, it is now considered outdated and ineffective. Here are some ways in which the grammar-translation approach can influence teaching and learning:
1. Emphasis on memorization: The grammar-translation approach relies heavily on rote memorization of grammar rules and vocabulary. This approach can lead to shallow learning and a lack of understanding of the language's actual usage in real-life situations.
2. Lack of communication skills: This approach does not emphasize communication skills such as speaking and listening, which are critical for language fluency. Students may be able to translate written texts but may not be able to communicate effectively in real-life situations.
3. Neglects context and culture: This approach does not consider the context and culture of the target language, which is essential for language learning. It may lead to confusion or even mistranslations when students apply grammar rules to a language's cultural nuances inaccurately.
4. Inhibits creativity: The focus on grammar rules and translation can stifle creativity in language learning. It makes language students think of their own language converted into a foreign language instead of learning new structures and subject matter.
In conclusion, the grammar-translation approach, while once widely used in language teaching, can be detrimental to effective language learning. Educators should instead rely on newer communicative language teaching methods that prioritize communication skills and enable contextual learning while taking into account the cultural setting.
How does the direct/ natural approach influence during teaching and learning
The Direct/Natural Approach, developed by Tracy Terrell and Stephen Krashen, is an alternative to the traditional grammar-translation approach. This approach promotes language learning through communication, and by creating a language-rich environment in the classroom. Here are some of the ways in which the Direct/Natural Approach can influence teaching and learning:
1. Emphasis on communication: The Direct/Natural Approach prioritizes communication and speaking skills above other language skills. Teachers strive to create a naturalistic language environment which students can observe and use to experiment with new vocabulary and grammar structures to communicate.
2. Listening comprehension: This approach prioritizes listening comprehension, as the belief is that students need to learn to understand the language before they can produce it. Teachers use a lot of audio-visual materials and real-world situations to facilitate student listening comprehension, including videos, audio clips, and primary sources.
3. Immersion: The Direct/Natural Approach emphasizes immersion in the language. Students are constantly exposed to the language, both inside and outside of the classroom. Teachers often encourage daily immersion by assigning projects or homework that require students to use the language.
4. Cultural relevance: The approach emphasizes the importance of cultural context in language learning. Teachers use resources and materials that are culturally relevant to the students to keep them engaged.
5. Teacher as facilitator: Teachers take on the role of the facilitator in the classroom rather than a lecturer. They encourage group work, open and guided conversations, problem-solving tasks, and simulations to stimulate language production and reinforce comprehension of words.
In conclusion, the Direct/Natural Approach can have a significant influence on teaching and learning. It prioritizes communication, listening comprehension, immersion, and cultural relevance and moves away from rote memorization and grammar rules. This approach presents a dynamic way of learning, creating a language-rich environment conducive to intellectual growth and linguistic skills proficiency.
Overview about the uses of metals
Metals have been used throughout human history for a variety of purposes due to their high physical and chemical properties. Here is an overview of the uses of metals:
1. Building and construction: Metals like steel, aluminum, and copper are widely used in building and construction to make building materials such as roofing, plumbing, structural supports, and wiring.
2. Transportation: Metals play a crucial role in transportation, with automobiles, airplanes, trains, and ships all made with various types of metals, including steel, aluminum, and titanium.
3. Manufacturing: Metals are widely used in manufacturing industries to produce vehicles, machinery, advanced technological equipment, and consumer goods, from kitchen appliances to jewelry.
4. Energy production: Metals are used in the production of energy in various forms, including wind turbines, solar panels, generators, and electrical transmission systems.
5. Agriculture: Metals are used in agricultural equipment such as tractors, plows, and farm machinery, with aluminum used for irrigation and copper used for soil analysis.
6. Medical and health: Various metals are used in medical equipment, ranging from surgical tools made from stainless steel to titanium implants.
7. Art and design: Metals are used in artistic creation, with sculptors using metals such as bronze, stainless steel and other metals to create iconic structures and statues that are both functional and aesthetically pleasing to the eye.
In Conclusion, metals play a critical role in various aspects of modern life, from building and construction to transportation, manufacturing, energy production, agriculture, medical tools, and art and cultural design. This highlights the importance of utilizing the uses of metals in the right way and ensuring sustainability for the long-term use of such resources.
Cognitive , practical process and design skill involved in knowing about metals
Knowing about metals involves a range of cognitive, practical, and design skills. Here are some of the cognitive, practical, and design skills involved:
1. Classification: Cognitive skills such as classification are used to understand the various types of metals, including ferrous and non-ferrous metals, precious metals, and alloys.
2. Comprehension: Reading comprehension and understanding of the properties of metals is essential in understanding how metals are used in different applications, including mechanical properties such as hardness and strength, melting point, and other chemical properties.
3. Testing: Practical skills are required to test the properties of metals, including hardness testing, tensile strength testing, and other mechanical testing.
4. Welding and soldering: Design skills such as welding and soldering are essential in bringing together various metal parts to form a product, whether an automobile or a jewelry piece.
5. Machining and fabrication: Practical skills such as machining and fabrication require a deep understanding of the physical properties of different metals to properly shape, cut and drill into them.
6. Environmental awareness and sustainability: Understanding the environmental implications of using different types of metals and ensuring the responsible use of resources in creating metal products is essential.
7. Creativity: Design skills involve creativity in conceptualizing, planning, and producing metal-based designs, whether architectural or artistic.
In conclusion, gaining knowledge about metals involves a combination of cognitive, practical, and design skills. These skills enable individuals to comprehend, test, manipulate, and use metals safely, sustainably, and responsibly for a wide range of applications.
Application of Metals in real world contexts
Metals have numerous applications in the real world. Here are some of the key areas in which metals are used:
1. Aerospace: Metals such as aluminum, titanium, and steel are used in the construction of airplanes, rockets, and spacecraft due to their strength and durability.
2. Transportation: Vehicles including cars, trucks, buses, and trains are major applications for metals. Components such as engine blocks, chassis, wheels, and axles are made from various metals.
3. Construction: Various metals such as steel, aluminum, and copper are used in the construction industry to make building materials such as framing for buildings, roofing, plumbing, and electrical systems.
4. Energy: Metals play an essential role in energy production, including renewable energy sources such as wind turbines and solar panels, as well as conventional power generation, from coal-fired power plants to nuclear power plants.
5. Manufacturing: Metals are utilized extensively in the manufacturing of machinery, tools, and consumer products.
6. Medical Industry: Medical devices are