What is a simple scientific claim and different forms of evidence that can be collected to support the claim?
Simple scientific claim: "Exercise improves heart health."
Forms of evidence to support the claim:
1. Observational studies: Researchers can observe individuals who regularly exercise and compare their heart health to those who are sedentary. They can collect data on factors such as blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and heart rate.
2. Clinical trials: Researchers can conduct randomized controlled trials in which participants are assigned to exercise or sedentary groups. By collecting data on the participants' heart health before and after the intervention, researchers can determine the impact of exercise on heart health.
3. Biological evidence: Researchers can analyze physiological markers of heart health, such as levels of inflammation markers in the blood or changes in heart muscle structure, in individuals who exercise regularly compared to those who do not.
4. Epidemiological studies: Researchers can analyze large population-based data to identify associations between levels of physical activity and rates of cardiovascular diseases, supporting the claim that exercise improves heart health.