Excellent discussion of affordable and clean energy as an external determinant that influences the education systems of South Africa and two other developing countries Mention that countries

such as South Africa, India, and Nigeria are heavily reliant on fossil fuels for their energy needs, leading to environmental degradation and air pollution. This can have a direct impact on the health and well-being of students and teachers, affecting their ability to learn and perform well in school.

Additionally, the high costs associated with traditional energy sources can limit access to electricity in schools, hindering the use of technology and other educational resources. This lack of access can further exacerbate existing inequalities in education, as students in wealthier areas may have better resources and learning opportunities compared to those in underserved communities.

Investing in affordable and clean energy solutions, such as solar power and wind energy, can help mitigate these challenges and create a more sustainable future for education in these countries. By transitioning to renewable energy sources, schools can reduce their carbon footprint, lower operating costs, and provide a healthier environment for students and teachers.

Furthermore, investing in clean energy can also create new opportunities for job creation and economic growth, providing a pathway for students to pursue careers in the growing renewable energy sector. This not only benefits the education system by expanding career options for students but also contributes to the overall development and prosperity of the country.

Overall, affordable and clean energy is a critical external determinant that can significantly impact the education systems of developing countries like South Africa, India, and Nigeria. By prioritizing sustainable energy solutions, these countries can improve educational outcomes, promote environmental sustainability, and create new opportunities for future generations.