1.List down at least six National policies and Laws and discuss their impact on equal participation
Of persons with disabilities in education, socio-economic and other activities?
2. Discuss how the international conventions and declarations protecting the rights of persons with disabilities? Explain briefly?
1.
a. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in the United States: This law prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including education, employment, transportation, and public accommodations. It has greatly increased the equal participation of persons with disabilities in these areas by requiring reasonable accommodations and accessibility measures to be put in place.
b. The Disability Discrimination Act in the UK: This law requires schools, employers, and service providers to make reasonable adjustments for individuals with disabilities to ensure equal participation in all areas of life. It has helped to improve access to education, employment, and services for persons with disabilities.
c. The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD): This is an international human rights treaty that aims to protect and promote the rights of persons with disabilities. It has had a significant impact on equal participation by recognizing the rights of persons with disabilities to education, employment, and social inclusion.
d. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) in the United States: This law guarantees students with disabilities the right to a free and appropriate public education. It has helped to ensure equal access to education for students with disabilities by requiring schools to provide individualized support and accommodations.
e. The National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) in Australia: This policy provides funding and support for individuals with disabilities to access services and supports tailored to their specific needs. It has increased equal participation by empowering individuals with disabilities to make choices about their own care and support.
f. The Equality Act in the UK: This law prohibits discrimination and promotes equality for persons with disabilities in all areas of life. It has helped to increase equal participation by requiring organizations to make reasonable adjustments and accommodate the needs of individuals with disabilities.
2.
International conventions and declarations protecting the rights of persons with disabilities include the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) and the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). These instruments recognize the rights of persons with disabilities to education, employment, healthcare, and social inclusion. They promote the principles of non-discrimination, equal opportunities, and accessibility for individuals with disabilities. The CRPD has been ratified by over 180 countries and is considered a landmark treaty in advancing the rights of persons with disabilities on a global scale. The ICF provides a framework for understanding disability as a complex interaction between an individual's impairments and the barriers in their environment, emphasizing the need for a social model of disability that focuses on removing these barriers to promote equal participation for all.