why is urbanization associated with industrial revolution
Urbanization is associated with the industrial revolution for a number of reasons:
1. Industrialization and urbanization were closely linked processes: The industrial revolution brought about a shift from an agrarian to an industrial economy. This led to the growth and expansion of industries, factories, and manufacturing centers. As these industries emerged, they required a plentiful supply of labor, which led to mass migration of people from rural areas to urban areas, resulting in rapid urbanization.
2. Concentration of industries and factories in urban areas: During the industrial revolution, factories and industries tended to cluster together in urban areas. This was due to factors such as the availability of resources, transportation networks, and a concentration of skilled labor. This concentration of industries led to the growth of urban areas as more people moved to work in these industrial centers.
3. Economic opportunities and job prospects: The industrial revolution created new economic opportunities and job prospects in urban areas. As industries expanded, more employment opportunities were created in factories, mines, and other industrial sectors. This attracted people from rural areas where agricultural jobs were becoming increasingly scarce. The promise of better wages and a better standard of living motivated many to migrate and settle in urban areas, contributing to urbanization.
4. Technological advancements and advancements in transportation: The industrial revolution was characterized by significant technological advancements, such as the invention of steam engines and the mechanization of production processes. These advancements made it possible for factories and industries to operate on a larger scale and more efficiently. Additionally, advancements in transportation, such as the development of railways and canals, facilitated the movement of goods and people, making it easier for industries to distribute their products and for people to travel to urban areas.
5. Social and cultural changes: The industrial revolution brought about significant social and cultural changes that influenced urbanization. As people migrated to urban areas, new social structures and communities emerged. Cities became centers of commerce, trade, and innovation, attracting people from different backgrounds and creating a melting pot of cultures. This led to the growth and diversification of urban areas, further fueling urbanization.
Overall, the industrial revolution and urbanization were interconnected processes, with the growth of industries and factories in urban areas driving migration and settlement patterns, leading to the rapid expansion and development of cities.