Why is urbanization associated with the Industrial Revolution
"The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in Europe and the United States, in the period from between 1760 to 1820 and 1840." Wikipedia
"new manufacturing processes" = factories
Factories were built in cities, not out in the countryside.
urbanization = ???
and the farmers moved into the cities to shovel the coal.
Urbanization is associated with the Industrial Revolution for several reasons:
1. Rise of factories: The Industrial Revolution brought about a shift from a primarily agrarian society to one centered around factories and manufacturing. As technology advanced and new machinery and production methods were introduced, people were drawn to urban areas where these factories were concentrated.
2. Employment opportunities: The establishment of factories led to a growing demand for workers. Many rural workers moved to cities in search of employment and better wages. This influx of people contributed to the urbanization process.
3. Migration from rural areas: The advancements in agriculture during the Industrial Revolution led to increased productivity, leading to a surplus of workers in the rural areas. Many landless farmers and agricultural laborers migrated to urban areas in search of better opportunities.
4. Infrastructure development: Urban areas provided the necessary infrastructure for industrial activities to thrive. Development of transportation systems such as canals, railways, and roads made it easier for goods to be transported to and from cities. Access to raw materials and markets further fueled urbanization.
5. Social and cultural changes: Urban areas offered a variety of new social and cultural opportunities. With the concentration of people in cities, there was increased diversity, access to education, and the emergence of new ideas, which contributed to societal changes.
Overall, the Industrial Revolution transformed the economy, society, and landscape of many countries, leading to the rapid growth of cities and urbanization.
Urbanization is associated with the Industrial Revolution because the transformation of predominantly agrarian societies into industrialized ones led to a significant shift in population and economic activities from rural areas to urban areas. This process started in the late 18th century in Europe and later spread to other parts of the world.
During the Industrial Revolution, there was a massive increase in manufacturing and the development of new technologies, which resulted in the growth of industries such as textiles, iron, and coal mining. These industries were concentrated in urban areas, primarily due to the availability of raw materials, cheap labor, and transportation networks. This led to a rapid expansion of cities and towns.
The advancements in agricultural techniques, such as enclosure movements and mechanization, reduced the need for agricultural labor and resulted in surplus rural populations. Many agricultural workers moved to cities in search of better job opportunities in factories and other industrial sectors. Additionally, improvements in transportation, such as the development of railways and canals, made it easier for people to migrate to urban areas.
Urbanization during the Industrial Revolution also resulted from social and cultural changes. The availability of jobs and higher wages in urban areas attracted people seeking improved living standards. Urban areas offered amenities like better education, healthcare, and entertainment, which rural areas often lacked.
To summarize, urbanization during the Industrial Revolution was a consequence of the concentration of industries in urban centers, surplus rural populations, improvements in transportation, and the desire for better job opportunities and living conditions.