The body's ability to maintain a relatively constant internal environment is called homeostasis. This stability can be challenged by

infectious organisms.
elevated or depressed blood pH.
extreme temperatures.
reduced water or food intake.

changes in hormone levels or imbalances in hormone production.

physical or emotional stress.
excessive or inadequate exercise.
exposure to toxins or pollutants.
impaired organ function or disease.
genetic or hereditary disorders.
medication side effects.