1. In the Earth’s mantle and core, how do the mass and density compare? (Lesson
2)
2. Where are convection currents formed? How are they formed? (Lesson 3)
3. What type of phenomena is a result from the flow of thermal energy inside of
Earth? (Lesson 3)
4. The Hawaiian islands are moving in which direction? (Lesson 3)
Northwest
5. In order to define a particular mineral, what properties are needed? (Lesson 4)
6. Define Physical Weathering: (Lesson 5)
7. How do plants cause weathering? (Lesson 5)
8. How can chemical weathering be slowed down? (Lesson 6)
9. What materials are affected by chemical weathering and what materials are not
affected by chemical weathering? (Lesson 6)
10.How are igneous rocks formed? (Lesson 7)
11.How is heat transferred to Earth’s surface from deep inside? (Lesson 8)
12.Which processes must happen in order for sand to turn into metamorphic rock?
(Lesson 7)
13.How could earthquakes be more destructive than tsunamis? (Lesson 4)
1. In the Earth's mantle and core, the density increases as you move towards the core, while the mass also increases.
2. Convection currents are formed in the Earth's mantle, where hot material rises and cold material sinks. They are formed due to the heat generated by the core and the radioactive decay of elements in the mantle.
3. The flow of thermal energy inside Earth can result in phenomena such as plate tectonics, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountains and valleys.
4. The Hawaiian islands are moving in a northwest direction.
5. In order to define a particular mineral, properties such as hardness, luster, color, streak, crystal shape, and cleavage/fracture are needed.
6. Physical weathering is the process of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces without changing their chemical composition. It can occur through processes such as frost wedging, thermal expansion and contraction, abrasion, and root action.
7. Plants can cause weathering through their roots. As plant roots grow, they can exert pressure on rocks, leading to cracks and eventually the breaking down of rocks.
8. Chemical weathering can be slowed down by reducing exposure to water and oxygen. This can be done by sealing or protecting the surface of rocks.
9. Materials such as limestone, marble, and other rocks containing minerals like calcite are affected by chemical weathering. Materials like quartz, granite, and basalt are generally more resistant to chemical weathering.
10. Igneous rocks are formed when magma or lava cools and solidifies. This can happen either underground or on the Earth's surface.
11. Heat is transferred to Earth's surface from deep inside through the process of conduction, where heat energy is transferred from particle to particle. It can also be transferred through convection, where hot material rises and cold material sinks in the mantle.
12. In order for sand to turn into metamorphic rock, it must undergo processes such as compaction, which involves the squeezing of grains together, and cementation, which involves the binding of grains together by minerals.
13. Earthquakes can be more destructive than tsunamis because they can directly cause damage to buildings, infrastructure, and human lives. Tsunamis, on the other hand, can cause destruction through the powerful waves they generate, but their impact is more dependent on the distance from the earthquake source and the topography of the affected area.