In the case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, how did the process of judicial review allow the Supreme Court to decide on the case?
O The ruling was found in favor of the plaintiff, stating it the rule of law protected individuals from segregation in schools.
The ruling was found in favor of the plaintiff, ruling that separate but equal is unconstitutional
The ruling was found in favor of the defendant, citing the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
The ruling was found in favor of the defendant, stating that in education they are allowed to segregate
The correct answer is: The ruling was found in favor of the plaintiff, ruling that separate but equal is unconstitutional.
The process of judicial review allowed the Supreme Court to decide on the case by evaluating the constitutionality of the segregation laws in public schools. The Court found that separate but equal was inherently unequal and violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. This decision overturned the precedent established in Plessy v. Ferguson, which had upheld racial segregation.
The correct answer is: The ruling was found in favor of the plaintiff, ruling that separate but equal is unconstitutional.
In the case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, the process of judicial review allowed the Supreme Court to decide on the case by evaluating the constitutionality of racial segregation in public schools. The Court reviewed the arguments presented by both the plaintiff (Brown) and the defendant (Board of Education), and assessed whether the segregation of schools based on race violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. After examining the evidence and considering past precedents, the Court concluded that the doctrine of "separate but equal" was inherently unequal and violated the Fourteenth Amendment. Therefore, the Court ruled in favor of the plaintiff, stating that separate but equal is unconstitutional.
In the case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, the process of judicial review allowed the Supreme Court to decide on the case by ensuring that the law and Constitution were properly interpreted and applied.
To understand how judicial review worked in this case, we need to start with the facts. The case involved a group of African American students who were denied admission to certain public schools in Topeka, Kansas, based on their race. Their argument was that such segregation violated their rights protected by the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause.
The plaintiffs in the case challenged the "separate but equal" doctrine established by the Supreme Court in the 1896 case of Plessy v. Ferguson. According to this doctrine, racial segregation in public facilities, including schools, was deemed constitutional as long as the facilities provided to each race were of equal quality.
Now let's consider the options you provided:
1. "The ruling was found in favor of the plaintiff, stating that the rule of law protected individuals from segregation in schools." This option, while accurately reflecting the outcome of the case, does not explain the process of judicial review that allowed the Supreme Court to decide.
2. "The ruling was found in favor of the plaintiff, ruling that separate but equal is unconstitutional." This option provides the correct explanation. The Supreme Court, through the process of judicial review, reviewed the arguments and evidence presented by both sides and came to the conclusion that the policy of "separate but equal" was unconstitutional in the context of public education. The Court ruled that racial segregation in schools violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
3. "The ruling was found in favor of the defendant, citing the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment." This option is incorrect. The defendant in this case was the Board of Education of Topeka, which upheld the policy of racial segregation in schools. The Supreme Court did not rule in favor of the defendant.
4. "The ruling was found in favor of the defendant, stating that in education they are allowed to segregate." This option is also incorrect. The Supreme Court did not rule in favor of the defendant or state that segregation was allowed in education.
So, the correct explanation is that the process of judicial review allowed the Supreme Court to decide in Brown v. Board of Education by ruling that the policy of "separate but equal" was unconstitutional in the context of public education.