Use the excerpt to to answer the question.
When a dog gets a whiff of something new, he sniffs the odor into an amazing smelling machine. His nose has a special pocket called the olfactory recess that is separated from the rest of his nose by a thin bone. He can store air in that recess while he continues to breathe in and out normally, which gives his brain more time to interpret the smell. And if he wants more of that same smell? Take a close look at his nose. He has two big nostrils with slits along the sides. Air goes in the round section and out through the slits. This way, the exhaled air doesn't get in the way of the incoming smells.
Which of the following is a central idea of this paragraph?
A = dogs have two big nostrils and slits in their noses
B = dogs use their noses to breathe in and out
C = the structure of a dog's nose enhances their smell
D = dogs enjoy smelling new things
C = the structure of a dog's nose enhances their smell
Use the excerpt to to answer the question.
The temperature outside is below freezing, the winds are howling, and you can barely see the tree in your front yard. A large amount of snow has been falling for more than three hours-a blizzard is underway.
According to the National Weather Service, blizzards are snowstorms with winds higher than 35 miles an hour and visibility (meaning, how far you can see) of less than a quarter mile. Winds from a blizzard can travel over 120 miles an hour-that's faster than a cheetah, the world's fastest land animal.
These conditions can be dangerous-low visibility can cause drivers to crash on roads, and high winds can topple power lines, which means some homes will be without heat. Large amounts of snowfall can trap people inside their homes. And those stuck outside in freezing temperatures can face frostbite or hypothermia, a condition in which your body temperature becomes dangerously low.
Which of the following is a central idea of this excerpt?
A = the national weather service measures blizzards based on wind speed and visibility
B = a blizzard's snowfall and wind can cause hazardous driving conditions
C = a cheetah is the fastest animal in the world
D = blizzards are caused by low temperatures and heavy snowfall
B = a blizzard's snowfall and wind can cause hazardous driving conditions
Use the excerpt to answer the question.
Many people know that trash is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people don't know is that trash has become a problem in outer space too. Years of space exploration have left tons of "space junk" in orbit around the planet.
According to BBC News, there are more than 22,000 pieces of junk in space around the earth. And these are just the items that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes or radars. There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we can't see.
Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds, so fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to people, particularly astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spacecraft, it could damage the vehicle. That's because the faster an object moves, the greater the impact if the object collides with something else.
Which detail supports that trash in space is dangerous?
A = "Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds."
B = "Years of space exploration have left tons of "space junk" in orbit around the planet."
C = "If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spacecraft, it could damage the vehicle."
D = "Many people know that trash is a big problem on planet Earth."