Proteins destined for extracellular release are packaged in specific vesicles. After packaging, the vesicles bud off and are stored in the cell until a signal is given for their release. When the appropriate signal is received they move towards the membrane and fuse to release their contents.
Once proteins have been produced at the ribosomes, what two organelles work together to aid in the secretion process described above?
Responses
A ribosome and ERribosome and ER
B Golgi apparatus and rough ERGolgi apparatus and rough ER
C Golgi apparatus and lysosomeGolgi apparatus and lysosome
D mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum
B Golgi apparatus and rough ER
B Golgi apparatus and rough ER (endoplasmic reticulum)
The correct answer is B) Golgi apparatus and rough ER.
The secretion process begins with protein production at the ribosomes. Once the proteins are synthesized, they are transported to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), specifically the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) due to its studded appearance caused by ribosomes attached to its surface. Here, the proteins are folded and processed.
After processing in the rough ER, the proteins are transferred to the Golgi apparatus. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging the proteins. It consists of a series of flattened membranous sacs called cisternae.
The proteins are transported from one cisterna to another within the Golgi apparatus, undergoing further modification. They may undergo glycosylation, where sugar molecules are added, or other modifications to ensure proper protein function.
Once the proteins are fully processed and sorted within the Golgi apparatus, they are packaged into vesicles. These vesicles bud off from the Golgi apparatus and move towards the cell membrane. When a signal is received, these vesicles fuse with the cell membrane, releasing their contents, which are the proteins destined for extracellular release.
Therefore, the organelles that work together to aid in this secretion process are the Golgi apparatus and the rough endoplasmic reticulum.