what statement best explains the process of subduction
The process of subduction can be best explained by the following statement:
"Subduction is the geological process where one tectonic plate moves underneath another plate at a convergent boundary, leading to the sinking of the subducting plate into the Earth's mantle."
To understand this statement, let's break it down:
1. Tectonic Plates: The Earth's lithosphere is divided into several large and small pieces called tectonic plates. These plates float on the semi-fluid layer called the asthenosphere.
2. Convergent Boundary: A convergent boundary is a zone where two tectonic plates are moving towards each other. There are three types of convergent boundaries: oceanic-oceanic, oceanic-continental, and continental-continental.
3. Subduction: Subduction occurs when one tectonic plate, typically an oceanic plate, moves beneath another plate, either another oceanic plate or a continental plate, at a convergent boundary. The subducting plate is forced downward into the Earth's mantle due to the intense pressure.
4. Sinking into the Mantle: The subducting plate sinks into the hot mantle due to its higher density compared to the overlying plate. As it descends, it creates a deep trench on the ocean floor and can also cause volcanic activity and earthquakes.
So, in summary, subduction is a process where one tectonic plate moves beneath another at a convergent boundary, causing the subducting plate to sink into the Earth's mantle.