Rank the substituents in the following sets according to priority:
A) -CH_2OH ; -CH=CHCH3 ; -CH_2CH_2CH_3 ; -C(TRIPLEBOND)CCH_3
B) O=C-H ; -CH=N-OH ; O=C-OCH_3 ; -CH=CHCH_3
C) -CH_2CH_3 ; -CH_2Br ; -SH ; -OH
priority of what? melting, reacting, color change, ?????
It is part of stereochemistry modules
the cip rules should be used aparently.
To determine the priority of substituents, we need to consider the rules outlined in the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog (CIP) system. This system assigns priorities to substituents based on the atomic number of the first atom directly attached to the parent carbon.
A) -CH_2OH: The highest priority substituent in this set is -OH because oxygen has a higher atomic number than carbon.
-CH=CHCH3: The next substituent in priority is -CH=CHCH3. The carbon-carbon double bond gives it a higher priority than -CH_2CH_2CH_3 (which only has carbon-carbon single bonds).
-CH_2CH_2CH_3: This substituent is next in priority because it has only carbon-carbon single bonds.
-C≡CCH_3: The lowest priority substituent in this set is -C≡CCH_3 because a triple bond is less priority than double or single bonds.
So, the ranking in descending order of priority is: -OH > -CH=CHCH3 > -CH_2CH_2CH_3 > -C≡CCH_3
B) O=C-H: The highest priority substituent here is -C=O (also known as a carbonyl group) because oxygen has a higher atomic number than carbon.
-CH=N-OH: The next substituent in priority is -CH=N-OH because nitrogen has a higher atomic number than carbon.
O=C-OCH_3: This substituent is next in priority because it contains a carbonyl group with oxygen (higher atomic number than carbon).
-CH=CHCH_3: The lowest priority substituent in this set is -CH=CHCH_3 because it contains a carbon-carbon double bond, which has lower priority than carbonyl or -CH=N-OH groups.
So, the ranking in descending order of priority is: -C=O > -CH=N-OH > O=C-OCH_3 > -CH=CHCH_3
C) -CH_2CH_3: The highest priority substituent in this set is -CH_2CH_3 because it contains only carbon atoms.
-CH_2Br: The next substituent in priority is -CH_2Br because bromine has a higher atomic number than carbon.
-SH: The next substituent in priority is -SH because sulfur has a higher atomic number than carbon or bromine.
-OH: The lowest priority substituent in this set is -OH because oxygen has the lowest atomic number among the substituents.
So, the ranking in descending order of priority is: -CH_2CH_3 > -CH_2Br > -SH > -OH