Rank the substituents in the following sets according to priority:
A) -CH_2OH ; -CH=CHCH3 ; -CH_2CH_2CH_3 ; -C(TRIPLEBOND)CCH_3
B) O=C-H ; -CH=N-OH ; O=C-OCH_3 ; -CH=CHCH_3
C) -CH_2CH_3 ; -CH_2Br ; -SH ; -OH
It is part of stereochemistry and cip rules should be used.
To rank substituents according to priority using the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog (CIP) rules in stereochemistry, follow these steps:
1) Identify the highest atomic number for each substituent. The higher the atomic number, the higher the priority. If two substituents have the same atom, move on to the next atom in the substituent until a difference is found.
2) If you come across a double or triple bond, consider the entire chain connected to that bond as a single substituent. Treat it as if it were duplicated once or twice, respectively.
3) If there is a tie between substituents, you will need to compare the neighboring atoms attached to the carbon. Repeat this process for each of the substituents.
Now, let's apply these steps to the given sets of substituents:
A) -CH2OH ; -CH=CHCH3 ; -CH2CH2CH3 ; -C(TRIPLEBOND)CCH3
1) Comparing the highest atomic number:
-CH2OH: Oxygen (O)
-CH=CHCH3: Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H)
-CH2CH2CH3: Carbon (C)
-C(TRIPLEBOND)CCH3: Carbon (C)
The substituents in order of priority are: -CH2OH > -CH=CHCH3 > -CH2CH2CH3 > -C(TRIPLEBOND)CCH3
B) O=C-H ; -CH=N-OH ; O=C-OCH3 ; -CH=CHCH3
1) Comparing the highest atomic number:
O=C-H: Oxygen (O), Carbon (C)
-CH=N-OH: Nitrogen (N), Oxygen (O)
O=C-OCH3: Oxygen (O)
-CH=CHCH3: Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H)
The substituents in order of priority are: -CH=N-OH > O=C-H > -CH=CHCH3 > O=C-OCH3
C) -CH2CH3 ; -CH2Br ; -SH ; -OH
1) Comparing the highest atomic number:
-CH2CH3: Carbon (C)
-CH2Br: Bromine (Br)
-SH: Sulfur (S)
-OH: Oxygen (O)
The substituents in order of priority are: -CH2Br > -OH > -SH > -CH2CH3
Remember, these rankings follow the CIP rules for assigning priority to substituents in stereochemistry.