2H2O --> 2H2 + O2
if 30 mL of hydrogen in the above reaction, how many milliliters of oxygen are produced?
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To determine the volume of oxygen produced in the given reaction, we need to use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation. The balanced equation tells us that for every 2 moles of water (H2O), we get 2 moles of hydrogen gas (H2) and 1 mole of oxygen gas (O2).
Given that 30 mL of hydrogen gas is produced, we need to determine the volume of oxygen gas produced. To do that, we can follow these steps:
Step 1: Convert the volume of hydrogen gas to moles using the ideal gas law or other relevant information.
Step 2: Apply the stoichiometric ratio from the balanced equation to determine the moles of oxygen gas produced.
Step 3: Convert the moles of oxygen gas back to volume using the ideal gas law or other relevant information.
Let's go through each step:
Step 1: Convert the volume of hydrogen gas to moles.
To do this, we need to know the pressure, temperature, and number of moles of hydrogen gas. Without this information, it is not possible to convert the volume of hydrogen gas to moles accurately.
Assuming we have the necessary information, here is an example calculation:
- Suppose the pressure is 1 atm, the temperature is 25 degrees Celsius (298 K), and the molar volume of an ideal gas at these conditions is 24.45 L/mol.
- Convert the volume of hydrogen gas from mL to L: 30 mL ÷ 1000 = 0.03 L.
- Use the ideal gas law equation to calculate the number of moles of hydrogen gas: PV = nRT.
n = (PV) / (RT) = (1 atm × 0.03 L) / (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K × 298 K) ≈ 0.0012 mol.
Step 2: Apply the stoichiometric ratio from the balanced equation.
The balanced equation tells us that for every 2 moles of water (H2O), we get 1 mole of oxygen gas (O2). Therefore, if 2 moles of water yield 1 mole of oxygen gas, then 1 mole of water will yield 0.5 moles of oxygen gas.
In this case, we know that 0.0012 mol of hydrogen gas is produced, which means 0.0012 mol ÷ 2 = 0.0006 mol of water is consumed.
Step 3: Convert the moles of oxygen gas back to volume.
To convert moles of oxygen gas to volume, we follow the same procedure as in step 1. However, we need to know the pressure, temperature, and molar volume of the gas at the given conditions.
Suppose we have the necessary information:
- Using the ideal gas law, we can calculate the volume of oxygen gas in liters:
V = nRT / P
V = (0.0006 mol × 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K × 298 K) / 1 atm = 0.014 L.
Convert the volume from liters to milliliters: 0.014 L × 1000 = 14 mL.
Therefore, approximately 14 milliliters of oxygen gas would be produced in the given reaction.