How can I draw the bellow molecule showing all the orbitals??
2HC=C=CH2 (both 2s in the beginning and end are subscripts)
Take a look at the sp2 compounds on this page:
http://www.science.uwaterloo.ca/~cchieh/cact/c120/hybridcarbon.html
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To draw the molecule 2HC=C=CH2 and show all its orbitals, you will need to understand the concept of hybridization and how to depict molecular orbitals.
First, let's understand the hybridization of carbon in this molecule. Carbon in organic compounds typically undergoes hybridization to form sigma bonds. In this case, each carbon atom is sp2 hybridized. This means that three hybrid orbitals are formed by combining one s orbital and two p orbitals.
To draw the molecule and its orbitals, you can follow these steps:
1. Draw the skeletal structure of the molecule: Draw a chain of three carbon atoms, with one hydrogen attached to each carbon atom. The molecule should look like H-C-C-C-H.
2. Assign the hybrid orbitals to each carbon atom: Since each carbon atom in this molecule is sp2 hybridized, you would represent each carbon with three hybrid orbitals. These hybrid orbitals should be in the same plane, forming a trigonal planar arrangement around each carbon atom.
3. Assign the p orbitals: In addition to the hybrid orbitals, each carbon atom also has one unhybridized p orbital. These p orbitals are perpendicular to the plane formed by the hybrid orbitals. Draw these p orbitals as lines protruding out of each carbon atom, parallel to each other.
4. Draw the sigma bonds: Connect the carbon atoms with single bonds, and connect each carbon atom to its corresponding hydrogen atom.
5. Show the pi bonds: In this molecule, there are two pi bonds, represented by the double and triple bonds. The double bond consists of a sigma bond formed by the overlap of two sp2 hybrid orbitals, and a pi bond formed by the overlap of two unhybridized p orbitals. The triple bond consists of a sigma bond and two pi bonds.
6. Indicate the molecular orbitals: The pi bonds in the molecule can be represented by molecular orbitals. You can use labels such as π1, π2, π3, etc., to represent these orbitals. Draw the molecular orbitals above and below the plane of the molecule, corresponding to the overlap of the p orbitals.
By following these steps, you should be able to draw the molecule 2HC=C=CH2 and show all its orbitals. The link you provided (http://www.science.uwaterloo.ca/~cchieh/cact/c120/hybridcarbon.html) can be a helpful resource in understanding the concept of hybridization and visualizing molecular orbitals.