Discuss multiplexing in detail about one more pages.
Multiplexing is a method used in telecommunications and computer networks to allow multiple signals or data streams to be transmitted over a single communication channel simultaneously. This technique increases the efficiency and capacity of the communication system by sharing the available bandwidth among multiple users.
There are several types of multiplexing techniques used in telecommunications and networking, including time division multiplexing (TDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), and code division multiplexing (CDM).
Time division multiplexing (TDM) divides the available transmission time on a communication channel into fixed time slots. Each signal is allocated a specific time slot, and data is transmitted in a round-robin fashion. This method is commonly used in digital communication systems, such as phone networks and SONET/SDH.
Frequency division multiplexing (FDM) works by dividing the available bandwidth of a communication channel into separate frequency bands. Each signal is assigned a unique frequency band, and the signals are combined for transmission. This method is commonly used in analog communication systems, such as FM radio and cable television.
Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is similar to FDM but is used in optical communication systems. It divides the available optical spectrum into separate wavelength bands, allowing multiple signals to be transmitted simultaneously over a single optical fiber.
Code division multiplexing (CDM) is a spread spectrum technique that assigns a unique code to each signal to be transmitted. The signals are then combined using a spreading code, allowing them to be transmitted simultaneously without interfering with each other. This method is commonly used in wireless communication systems, such as CDMA.
Multiplexing is essential for increasing the capacity and efficiency of communication systems, allowing multiple users to share a single communication channel without interfering with each other. By implementing various multiplexing techniques, telecommunications and networking systems can effectively utilize the available bandwidth and optimize the transmission of data and signals.