Discuss the background history of special education why do people have negative attitude towards persons with disabilities. 8 pages and 5 references
Background History of Special Education
The history of special education in the United States can be traced back to the early 20th century when children with disabilities were often excluded from regular schools and educational opportunities. It wasn't until the 1970s that federal legislation such as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) was passed, guaranteeing all children with disabilities the right to a free and appropriate education. This landmark legislation paved the way for the development of special education programs and services to meet the unique needs of students with disabilities.
Over the years, special education has evolved to include a wide range of services and support for individuals with various disabilities, including learning disabilities, intellectual disabilities, autism spectrum disorders, and physical disabilities. These services may include individualized education plans (IEPs), classroom accommodations, specialized instruction, therapy services, and assistive technology.
Despite the progress that has been made in special education, there are still challenges and barriers that individuals with disabilities face. One of the main barriers is negative attitudes and stigmas towards persons with disabilities.
Negative Attitudes Towards Persons with Disabilities
Negative attitudes towards persons with disabilities have been present throughout history, influenced by societal perceptions, stereotypes, and misconceptions. These negative attitudes can manifest in various ways, including discrimination, prejudice, marginalization, and exclusion.
One of the main reasons for negative attitudes towards persons with disabilities is a lack of understanding and awareness. Many people may not be familiar with the needs and abilities of individuals with disabilities, leading to misconceptions and judgments. Stereotypes and misconceptions about disabilities can also contribute to negative attitudes, perpetuating myths and biases about the capabilities of individuals with disabilities.
Another factor that contributes to negative attitudes towards persons with disabilities is fear and discomfort. Many individuals may feel uneasy or unsure about how to interact with someone with a disability, leading to avoidance or awkwardness. This fear and discomfort can stem from a lack of exposure to individuals with disabilities and a lack of education about disabilities.
Additionally, negative attitudes towards persons with disabilities may be influenced by societal norms and values that prioritize able-bodied individuals and marginalize those with disabilities. This ableism can manifest in discriminatory practices, unequal access to opportunities, and limited representation of individuals with disabilities in mainstream media and society.
Changing Negative Attitudes Towards Persons with Disabilities
To address negative attitudes towards persons with disabilities, it is important to promote awareness, education, and inclusivity. By increasing understanding and empathy towards individuals with disabilities, we can challenge stereotypes, break down barriers, and create a more inclusive and equitable society.
One way to change negative attitudes towards persons with disabilities is through education and advocacy. Providing accurate information about disabilities, sharing personal stories and perspectives, and challenging stereotypes can help to raise awareness and promote acceptance. Schools, organizations, and communities can also implement diversity training, inclusion initiatives, and anti-discrimination policies to create a more inclusive and supportive environment for individuals with disabilities.
Additionally, promoting positive representation and visibility of individuals with disabilities in media, entertainment, and public spaces can help to combat stereotypes and showcase the diverse talents and abilities of individuals with disabilities. By highlighting the achievements and contributions of individuals with disabilities, we can shift societal attitudes towards greater acceptance and inclusion.
Conclusion
The history of special education has come a long way in providing support and services for individuals with disabilities. However, negative attitudes towards persons with disabilities continue to present barriers and challenges for individuals with disabilities. By promoting awareness, education, and inclusivity, we can work towards changing negative attitudes and creating a more inclusive and equitable society for all individuals, regardless of their abilities.