TheorySocial Exchange Theory
Discuss social exchange theory and intext reference using havard
Social exchange theory is a behavioral psychology concept that explains how individuals make decisions in relationships based on the rewards and costs associated with them. It posits that individuals engage in interactions with others to maximize rewards and minimize costs, with the expectation of reciprocity. This theory suggests that individuals carefully weigh the benefits and drawbacks of a relationship before deciding to invest time, energy, or resources.
According to social exchange theory, individuals engage in relationships that are perceived to be more rewarding than costly. Rewards can include things like companionship, emotional support, and material goods, while costs can include sacrifices, compromises, and emotional stress. Additionally, individuals may also consider alternatives to the current relationship and compare them in terms of rewards and costs before deciding to stay or leave.
In research conducted by Rusbult and Van Lange (2003), they found that social exchange theory could explain behaviors such as forgiveness, trust, and commitment in relationships. For example, individuals may forgive someone who has wronged them if they perceive that doing so will result in greater rewards or benefits in the long run.
In conclusion, social exchange theory provides a useful framework for understanding how individuals navigate relationships and make decisions about investing in them. By considering the rewards and costs associated with a relationship, individuals can make more informed choices about how to engage with others.
Reference:
Rusbult, C. E., & Van Lange, P. A. (2003). Interdependence, interaction, and relationships. Annual Review of Psychology, 54(1), 351-375.