Sudan gained independence through a combination of diplomatic negotiations, peaceful protests, and armed conflict. The country officially gained independence from joint British and Egyptian rule on January 1, 1956, following years of anti-colonial movements and political activism. The Sudanese people, led by nationalist leaders such as Ismail al-Azhari and Mahmoud Mohamed Taha, worked towards achieving self-rule through negotiations with the colonial authorities and building popular support for independence. Additionally, there were periods of armed resistance against colonial rule, most notably during the 1920s and 1950s. Overall, Sudan's independence was achieved through a mix of non-violent resistance and armed struggle.
