Why do we have an open circle at (0,-3)?I. Because 0 is not included in the domain for the first function rule.II. Because filling it in would make f(x) fail the vertical line test. It would not be a function.III. Because x is no longer negative, but y is.IV. Because "S" model drum sticks have larger tips.III. and IV.I. and II.III. onlyI. and III.
The correct answer is I. and III.
The open circle at (0,-3) is because 0 is not included in the domain for the first function rule (I) and because x is no longer negative at that point, but y is (III). The other options are not valid reasons for the open circle at (0,-3).