Optimal conditions for microshoot cultures of Nasturtium officinale R. Br. were determined through testing different variants of the MS medium containing various plant growth regulators in both agar and agitated cultures.
2. Glucosinolate and phenolic acid production, total phenolic content, and antioxidant potential were evaluated in the cultured biomass.
3. The total amounts of glucosinolates ranged from 100.23 to 194.77 mg/100 g dry weight in agar cultures and from 78.09 to 182.80 mg/100 g dry weight in agitated cultures.
4. The total phenolic acid content varied from 15.89 to 237.52 mg/100 g dry weight in agar cultures and from 70.80 to 236.74 mg/100 g dry weight in agitated cultures.
5. Extracts of the cultured biomass showed higher total amounts of phenolic acids, lower total amounts of glucosinolates, higher total phenolic content, and similar antioxidant potentials compared to plant material.
6. The study confirmed the influence of different plant growth regulators on secondary metabolite production and antioxidant potential in N. officinale microshoot cultures.
7. N. officinale is a valuable herb with a rich chemical composition and numerous scientifically proven properties, including anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective effects.
8. The herb is also used in traditional medicine, cosmetics, phytoremediation, and modern cuisine, making it a versatile and beneficial plant species.
The study optimized in vitro growing conditions for N. officinale microshoots for the first time
- Experiments involved optimization of culture conditions with various PGR compositions, growth periods, and types of in vitro cultures
- Antioxidant potential of the studied biomass was evaluated
- Significant effects of PGRs, growth period, and type of culture on biomass increments were found
- Agitated cultures showed higher biomass increments compared to agar cultures
- Total amounts of glucosinolates were influenced by in vitro culture conditions
- Highest content of glucosinolates in agar cultures was obtained on MS medium with 1 mg/L KIN and IAA after 30 days
- Highest total amount of glucosinolates in agitated cultures was on MS medium with 1 mg/L BA and 1 mg/L NAA after 10 days
- Different studies have analyzed the qualitative composition of phenolic acids in extracts from different plant species
- N. officinale extracts contained caffeic acid, but not chlorogenic acid
- Other studies found different phenolic acids in N. officinale extracts, including dicaffeoyltartaric and gallic acids
- Studies on other plant species in the Brassicaceae family and St. John's-wort identified different phenolic acids in their extracts
- The composition and amount of phenolic acids in extracts varied depending on the plant species, in vitro culture conditions, and growth media used
1. The antioxidant capacity of N. officinale parent plant material and in vitro microshoot cultures was evaluated using the CUPRAC, FRAP, and DPPH methods, with total phenolics (F-C) estimated as well.
2. The results showed that the PGRs, duration of the growth period, and type of in vitro culture slightly influenced the antioxidant potential of the microshoot cultures.
3. Agar microshoot cultures had significantly higher antioxidant potential compared to control samples, with maximal potential observed in MS medium containing 1 mg/L KIN and 1 mg/L IAA after 20 days in agitated cultures and 30 days in agar cultures.
4. The F-C method showed that extracts from agar cultures had higher phenolic content compared to control and agitated microshoot cultures.
5. Optimal conditions for biomass growth, glucosinolate production, and phenolic acid production were found in agitated cultures grown over 10-day periods on MS medium containing 1 mg/L BA and 1 mg/L NAA.
6. In agitated cultures, liquid medium and aeration promoted microshoot growth, suggesting similarities to the natural environment of N. officinale.
7. Overall, in vitro microshoots showed interesting differences in antioxidant potential and provided alternative sources for health-promoting compounds compared to the parent plant.
What are the 1. Findings 2. Gaps for future research 3. Where does study taken place
1. Findings:
- Optimal conditions for microshoot cultures of Nasturtium officinale were determined, leading to increased biomass growth, glucosinolate production, and phenolic acid production.
- Cultured biomass showed higher total phenolic content and antioxidant potential compared to the parent plant material.
- The influence of different plant growth regulators on secondary metabolite production and antioxidant potential in N. officinale microshoot cultures was confirmed.
- Agitated cultures showed higher biomass increments compared to agar cultures.
- Different phenolic acids were identified in N. officinale extracts, and their composition varied depending on the in vitro culture conditions and growth media used.
2. Gaps for future research:
- Further studies could focus on optimizing culture conditions to enhance the production of specific bioactive compounds with potential health benefits.
- Investigating the mechanisms behind the differences in antioxidant potential between agar and agitated cultures could provide insights into the role of culture conditions in secondary metabolite production.
- Comparative studies with other plant species in the Brassicaceae family or with similar chemical compositions could help determine unique properties of N. officinale.
- Understanding the biosynthetic pathways responsible for the production of glucosinolates and phenolic acids in N. officinale could guide future research efforts towards metabolic engineering and enhancement of these compounds.
- Exploring the potential applications of N. officinale microshoot cultures in medicine, cosmetics, phytoremediation, and culinary purposes could provide new avenues for utilizing this versatile plant species.
3. Location of the study:
The study on optimal conditions and secondary metabolite production in Nasturtium officinale microshoot cultures took place in a laboratory setting, likely at a research institution or university with facilities for plant tissue culture and analysis of bioactive compounds.