Facts or data are types of
a
evidence.
b
reasoning.
c
models
d
explanations.
Question 2 (1 point)
In an ecosystem where most flowers are long and bell-shaped, there are two varieties of hummingbird: birds with short beaks and birds with long beaks. What is the most likely hummingbird population composition?
a
only long-beaked hummingbirds
b
more short-beaked hummingbirds
c
more long-beaked hummingbirds
d
only short-beaked hummingbirds
Question 3 (1 point)
In an ecosystem, there are two color varieties within a species of toads: brown and green. Over 50 years, the proportion of the population that is green increases from 20% to 50%. Which statement is the most likely to explain this change?
a
A disease caused a decrease in the proportion of brown toads.
b
The environment changed such that green toads can blend into their surroundings better.
c
Pollution caused a decrease in the proportion of brown toads.
d
The environment changed such that toads that can jump higher into the trees to survive better.
Question 4 (1 point)
What is the name given to an observable characteristic of an organism?
a
phenotype
b
mutation
c
genome
d
genotype
Question 5 (1 point)
Consider the following scenario: You notice that no two cats at the pet store are exactly alike. Some have spotted fur. Some have striped fur. Some have fur of one solid color. What term is used to describe your observation?
a
variation
b
fitness
c
natural selection
d
selective pressure
Question 6 (1 point)
Consider the following scenario: In an aquatic bird population, some birds have long legs. Other birds have short legs. The food supply is minimal. The birds with long legs are able to wade farther into the water where they can find fish. Over time, the birds with long legs become more common. What scientific term best describes this scenario?
a
natural selection
b
fitness
c
mutation
d
selective pressures
Question 7 (1 point)
Consider the following scenario: A drought hits the habitat of a semi-aquatic bird population. All ponds dry up, and fish populations decline. There are two groups of birds in the population that differ in leg length and diet. Long-legged birds eat fish, while short-legged birds eat insects. Drought has little effect on insect populations.
What is the main selective pressure in this scenario?
a
drought
b
insect population
c
leg length
d
fish population
Question 8 (1 point)
What statement accurately describes the relationship between variations and fitness?
a
Variations always increase fitness.
b
Variations can lead to either an increase or decrease in fitness.
c
Fitness always increases variations
d
Fitness can lead to either an increase or decrease in variations.
Question 9 (1 point)
Consider the following scenario: You are a scientist observing rodents on the Galapagos Islands. You notice that the introduction of a new bird of prey has limited the number of rodents. What term best describes the factor that is limiting the number of rodents the environment can support?
a
fitness
b
food supply
c
variation
d
selective pressure
Question 10 (1 point)
Which statement is accurate about variations?
a
In all cases, variations become more common in a population.
b
Organisms with variations are less likely to pass these variations to their offspring.
c
Organisms with variations that give an advantage are more likely to survive.
d
In all cases, variations affect how likely it is that an organism reproduces.
Question 11 (1 point)
Which explanation is accurate about the survival and reproduction of a population?
a
If there are a limited variety of traits in a population, most traits will be a good fit with the environment.
b
If there are a limited variety of traits in a population, it is more likely that some individuals will be able to survive and reproduce.
c
If there are a wide variety of traits in a population, most traits will be a good fit with the environment.
d
If there are a wide variety of traits in a population, it is more likely that some individuals will be able to survive and reproduce.
Question 12 (1 point)
Why are the gene pools of small populations reduced compared to those of larger populations?
a
inbreeding
b
lack of advantageous traits
c
lack of suitable mates
d
bottleneck events
Question 13 (1 point)
Which variety of mouse is more likely to survive in a dry desert?
a
a mouse that needs more water
b
a mouse that needs less water
c
a mouse that has a shorter tail
d
a mouse that has a longer tail
Question 14 (1 point)
Over time, the variation that gives an advantage
a
can limit the number of individual organisms.
b
becomes less common in the population.
c
can limit the number of selective pressures.
d
becomes more common in the population
Question 15 (1 point)
Which term means making sense of information?
a
evidence
b
reasoning
c
investigation
d
explanation
Question 16 (1 point)
Consider the following scenario: In a muddy lake environment, some fish have brown scales. Most fish, however, have silver scales. Predators have a harder time seeing fish with brown scales. Which term best describes the brown scales?
a
new mutation
b
predominant phenotype
c
inactivated gene
d
advantageous trait
Question 17 (1 point)
How did the Industrial Revolution impact the population of peppered moths in Britain?
a
The light-colored moths became more common.
b
The Industrial Revolution caused the proportions of each color morph in the population to become unequal
c
The dark-colored moths became more common.
d
The Industrial Revolution caused the proportions of each color morph in the population to become equal.
b
The Industrial Revolution caused the proportions of each color morph in the population to become unequal
answer all the questions
Apologies for the oversight. Here are the answers to all the questions:
1. Facts or data are types of
a. evidence.
2. In an ecosystem where most flowers are long and bell-shaped, there are two varieties of hummingbird: birds with short beaks and birds with long beaks. The most likely hummingbird population composition would be
c. more long-beaked hummingbirds.
3. In an ecosystem where the proportion of green toads increases from 20% to 50%, the most likely explanation for this change is
b. The environment changed such that green toads can blend into their surroundings better.
4. The name given to an observable characteristic of an organism is
a. phenotype.
5. The term used to describe the observation where no two cats at the pet store are exactly alike is
a. variation.
6. The scientific term that best describes the scenario in which birds with long legs become more common due to being able to wade farther into the water where they can find fish is
a. natural selection.
7. The main selective pressure in the scenario of a drought hitting a semi-aquatic bird population is
a. drought.
8. Variations can lead to either an increase or decrease in fitness.
9. The term that best describes the factor limiting the number of rodents the environment can support when a new bird of prey is introduced is
d. selective pressure.
10. Organisms with variations that give an advantage are more likely to survive.
11. If there is a wide variety of traits in a population, it is more likely that some individuals will be able to survive and reproduce.
12. The gene pools of small populations are reduced compared to those of larger populations due to
d. bottleneck events.
13. In a dry desert, a mouse that needs less water is more likely to survive.
14. Over time, the variation that gives an advantage
d. becomes more common in the population.
15. Making sense of information is known as
b. reasoning.
16. The brown scales on fish in a muddy lake environment are best described as
d. advantageous trait.
17. The Industrial Revolution impacted the population of peppered moths in Britain by
b. causing the proportions of each color morph in the population to become unequal.
Which explanation is accurate about the survival and reproduction of a population?
a. If there are a limited variety of traits in a population, most traits will be a good fit with the environment.
Selected:b. If there are a limited variety of traits in a population, it is more likely that some individuals will be able to survive and reproduce.This answer is incorrect.
c. If there are a wide variety of traits in a population, most traits will be a good fit with the environment.
d. If there are a wide variety of traits in a population, it is more likely that some individuals will be able to survive and reproduce.
The correct answer is:
d. If there are a wide variety of traits in a population, it is more likely that some individuals will be able to survive and reproduce.