give contrast between exchange relationship and communal relationship in social psychology
Exchange relationship and communal relationship are two different types of relationships that are studied in social psychology. Here are the key contrasts between them:
1. Motivation: In exchange relationships, individuals are motivated by the expectation of reciprocity. They give and receive benefits with the expectation that they will receive something in return. In contrast, communal relationships are characterized by a selfless giving and receiving of benefits without the expectation of receiving something in return.
2. Timing: Exchange relationships are often transactional and focused on short-term gains. In these relationships, individuals keep track of the benefits given and received to ensure fairness and balance. Communal relationships, on the other hand, are characterized by a long-term perspective and a sense of interconnectedness and mutual support.
3. Dependency: Exchange relationships are based on a more equal distribution of benefits and resources, with individuals maintaining a level of independence. In communal relationships, there is often a greater level of dependency on one another, with individuals providing support and care to each other without expecting anything in return.
4. Emotional intensity: Communal relationships tend to be characterized by higher levels of emotional closeness, trust, and intimacy compared to exchange relationships, which are more focused on fulfilling specific needs or goals.
5. Flexibility: Exchange relationships tend to be more flexible and transactional, with individuals easily moving in and out of these relationships based on the benefits received. Communal relationships are often more stable and enduring, with individuals investing time and effort in maintaining and nurturing these relationships over time.