Why did railroad leaders consolidate their lines in the 1800s

To reduce competition an increase efficiency
To keep from becoming too big too quick
To ensure vertical integration
To ensure rapid construction of railroad lines

The main reason why railroad leaders consolidated their lines in the 1800s was to reduce competition and increase efficiency. By merging smaller lines into larger companies, they were able to control pricing, routes, and overall operations more effectively. Consolidation also allowed them to streamline operations, reduce duplication, and achieve economies of scale. Additionally, consolidating lines helped to create a more interconnected and seamless transportation network, facilitating greater coordination and efficiency in the movement of goods and passengers.