HOW DOES AKI CAUSE PERICARDITIS , PULMONARY EDEMA , MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION , HYPERTENSION AND PULMONARY EMBOLISM IN PEDIATRICS AS A COMPLICATION
Acute kidney injury (AKI) can cause a variety of complications, including pericarditis, pulmonary edema, myocardial infarction, hypertension, and pulmonary embolism, in pediatric patients.
1. Pericarditis: AKI can lead to fluid overload and electrolyte imbalances, which can cause inflammation of the pericardium, leading to pericarditis. This inflammation can cause chest pain, fever, and difficulty breathing.
2. Pulmonary edema: Fluid overload from AKI can also result in pulmonary edema, causing fluid to accumulate in the lungs. This can lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath, coughing, and difficulty breathing.
3. Myocardial infarction: AKI can cause imbalances in electrolytes such as potassium, which can lead to abnormalities in heart function and increase the risk of myocardial infarction, or heart attack.
4. Hypertension: AKI can disrupt the body's ability to regulate blood pressure, leading to hypertension. High blood pressure can increase the risk of further cardiovascular complications in pediatric patients.
5. Pulmonary embolism: AKI can increase the risk of blood clots forming, especially in the veins of the legs. These clots can travel to the lungs and cause a pulmonary embolism, which can be life-threatening in pediatric patients.
Overall, AKI can have various effects on the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems in pediatric patients, leading to potentially serious complications such as pericarditis, pulmonary edema, myocardial infarction, hypertension, and pulmonary embolism. It is important for healthcare providers to monitor and manage AKI in pediatric patients to prevent these complications.