Why can a machine not achieve 100% efficiency in the real world?
Machines make the work it takes to do a job harder.
Machines must overcome forces of friction.
Output work will always be more than input work.
The distance over which a small amount of energy is applied increases.
There are several reasons why a machine cannot achieve 100% efficiency in the real world:
1. Friction: Machines will always have to overcome forces of friction, which results in some energy being lost in the form of heat. This reduces the overall efficiency of the machine.
2. Heat loss: In any process, some energy is lost as heat due to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another. Therefore, some of the input energy will always be lost as heat, reducing the overall efficiency of the machine.
3. Inefficiencies in the machine itself: No machine can operate perfectly, as there will always be some inefficiencies in its design and operation that result in energy being wasted.
4. External factors: Machines are affected by external factors such as temperature, humidity, and wear and tear, which can further reduce their efficiency.
Overall, achieving 100% efficiency in a machine is impossible due to the various factors that cause energy loss in real-world applications.