The process of evolution involves changes in the genetic makeup of a population over a period of time. Sexual reproduction enhances variability among offspring. The random alteration of DNA from parent to offspring, called mutations, also produces variable characteristics in offspring. Some mutations can be helpful, while others can be harmful and hinder survival. In this experiment, students mimicked random mutations. Data was collected to determine if the mutations were helpful or harmful when trying to collect and eat food. Collection of 15 pieces of candy was ideal and needed for survival.

Question

The process of evolution involves changes in the genetic makeup of a population over a period of time. Sexual reproduction enhances variability among offspring. The random alteration of DNA from parent to offspring, called mutations, also produces variable characteristics in offspring. Some mutations can be helpful, while others can be harmful and hinder survival. In this experiment, students mimicked random mutations. Data was collected to determine if the mutations were helpful or harmful when trying to collect and eat food. Collection of 15 pieces of candy was ideal and needed for survival.

Consider the mutations to the appendages and digits. Which mutation would MOST LIKELY result in the extinction of that group of organisms?
Responses
A Group A long nailsGroup A long nails
B Group D hands fusedGroup D hands fused
C Group H short legsGroup H short legs
D Group B paddle hands

Answer 1

B Group D hands fused

This mutation would most likely result in the extinction of that group of organisms as fused hands would make it extremely difficult for the organisms to pick up and collect food, which is essential for survival. The inability to collect enough food would lead to decreased likelihood of survival and eventual extinction of the group.