Hardening of the arteries caused by a build-up of fatty materials
such as cholesterol and triglycerides, is known as atherosclerosis. This condition can restrict blood flow to vital organs and tissues, increasing the risk of heart attack, stroke, and other cardiovascular problems.
Atherosclerosis typically develops over time, as the fatty deposits, known as plaque, accumulate within the walls of the arteries. These deposits can gradually narrow the arteries, reducing blood flow and increasing the risk of blood clots.
Risk factors for atherosclerosis include high cholesterol, high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle. Genetics and age also play a role in the development of this condition.
Prevention and management of atherosclerosis involve a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, quitting smoking, and managing other risk factors such as high cholesterol and high blood pressure. In some cases, medications or medical procedures may be necessary to control symptoms and reduce the risk of complications.