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Instructions
i.Read the instructions carefully before attempting the assignment.
ii.The assignment should be answered in NOT MORE than 4 pages.
iii.Failure to observe the deadline leads to loss of marks (up to 5 marks per day).
iv.Avoid plagiarism.
v.A mark of zero will be allocated to those whose similarity index is above 25%
vi.Submit the assignment through eFundi (assignment portal) and a hardcopy in class/office.
Assignment topic:
“Climate and weather are important phenomena for the livelihoods of many Africans, especially in the field of agriculture”-Statement by M.E Maditsi.
Considering the above statement, using relevant examples including specific maps, and data from any African country of your choice, illustrate and explain how the different climatic and weather variables affect the lives of the people of Africa. Link your argument to SDG No 13: Climate action.
Introduction
Climate and weather play a crucial role in the livelihoods of many Africans, particularly in the field of agriculture. In this assignment, we will explore the different climatic and weather variables that impact the lives of people in Africa, with a focus on how these factors affect agriculture. We will also examine how these factors relate to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) No 13: Climate action.
Impact of Climate and Weather Variables on African Agriculture
1. Rainfall Patterns: Rainfall is a critical factor in agriculture, as it directly influences crop growth and productivity. In Africa, the distribution and amount of rainfall vary significantly across different regions. For example, countries in the Sahel region experience low and unreliable rainfall, leading to frequent droughts and crop failures. On the other hand, countries in equatorial Africa receive heavy rainfall, which can result in flooding and waterlogging of crops.
2. Temperature: Temperature plays a vital role in determining the types of crops that can be grown in different regions. High temperatures can lead to heat stress in plants, while low temperatures can cause frost damage. In arid and semi-arid regions, high temperatures can also increase the rate of evapotranspiration, leading to water scarcity and desertification.
3. Humidity: Humidity levels affect plant growth, as excessive humidity can promote the spread of diseases and pests. In humid regions, farmers may face challenges such as fungal infections and insect infestations, which can reduce crop yields. On the other hand, low humidity levels can lead to water stress in plants, particularly during the dry season.
4. Wind Patterns: Wind can have both positive and negative effects on agriculture. Strong winds can cause soil erosion, which can reduce soil fertility and productivity. Wind can also facilitate the spread of pests and diseases, affecting crop health. However, gentle breezes can help pollinate crops and prevent the buildup of humidity, reducing the risk of fungal infections.
Link to SDG No 13: Climate Action
SDG No 13 calls for urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts. The different climatic and weather variables discussed above directly relate to this goal, as they highlight the vulnerability of African agriculture to the effects of climate change. By addressing the challenges posed by these variables, African countries can work towards building resilience to climate change and promoting sustainable agricultural practices.
Conclusion
In conclusion, climate and weather variables have a significant impact on the livelihoods of people in Africa, particularly in the field of agriculture. By understanding and addressing these factors, African countries can mitigate the effects of climate change on their agricultural systems and work towards achieving SDG No 13: Climate action. It is essential for policymakers, researchers, and farmers to collaborate and implement strategies that promote climate-resilient agriculture and ensure food security for future generations.