Someone who planned to change the world finds satisfaction in making small changes. Is it central idea or theme?

This would likely be the central idea of the text. The central idea refers to the main point or message that the author is trying to convey, while the theme is a broader concept that is explored throughout the text. In this case, the central idea is about finding fulfillment and purpose in making small, meaningful changes in the world, despite initially planning for larger-scale impact.