This article offers an overview and assessment of the utility of new social movement theories for analyzing contemporary forms of collective action. The article begins with a brief
overview of the origins of new social movement theory and a description of some of the
general tenets of this approach. Next, It considers the contributions of four major theorists
(Castells, Touraine, Habermas, and Melucci) to this paradigm. The heart of the article
provides a critical discussion of the central debates that have emerged within this paradigm. It then propose a typological distinction between "political" and "cultural" versions
of new social movement theory. In the conclusion, It assess new social movement theory as
a whole and situate the paradigm with reference to other paradigms for the study of social
movements.
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