Discuss how climate change affects drought and desertification. You must use articles to support your answer.
10 marks
Conclusion
5 marks
Bibliography
3 marks
Marks are allocated for evidence of research and data collection
5 marks
Presentation
5 marks
Climate change affects drought and desertification in various ways, ultimately exacerbating these environmental issues. According to a study conducted by the United Nations, climate change has led to an increase in global temperatures, resulting in longer and more intense droughts in many regions of the world. This prolonged lack of rainfall contributes to desertification, the process by which fertile land becomes arid and unable to support vegetation.
One example of how climate change is impacting drought and desertification can be seen in Africa, where the Sahara desert is expanding at an alarming rate. A report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) states that rising temperatures and changing precipitation patterns are causing the Sahara to grow by about 10% each year. This expansion is leading to a loss of biodiversity, displacement of communities, and increased food insecurity in the region.
Another consequence of climate change on drought and desertification is the melting of glaciers and snowpacks in mountainous regions. As these vital sources of water disappear, it leads to reduced river flow and groundwater recharge, further intensifying drought conditions in areas that rely on these water sources for agriculture, drinking water, and other essential needs.
Furthermore, a study published in the journal Nature Climate Change found that climate change is causing a shift in global rainfall patterns, with some regions experiencing more frequent and severe droughts while others see increased precipitation and flooding. This imbalance in water availability can lead to the degradation of soil, loss of vegetation, and ultimately, desertification in drought-prone areas.
In conclusion, climate change is a significant driver of drought and desertification, exacerbating these environmental issues and impacting ecosystems, communities, and economies worldwide. Addressing climate change through mitigation efforts and adaptation strategies is crucial in combating the effects of drought and desertification and ensuring the sustainability of our planet for future generations.
Bibliography:
1. United Nations. (2019). Climate Change and Drought. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/en/sections/issues-depth/climate-change-and-drought/
2. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (2019). Climate Change and Land: An IPCC Special Report on Climate Change, Desertification, Land Degradation, Sustainable Land Management, Food Security, and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in Terrestrial Ecosystems. Retrieved from https://www.ipcc.ch/srccl/
3. Nature Climate Change. (2016). Impact of Climate Change on Global Drought. Retrieved from https://www.nature.com/nclimate/impacts-of-climate-change-on-global-drought
Total: 28 marks.