In pediatrics, oxygen should be started at a flow rate of 6-8 liters per minute for children with airway obstruction. This is true for infants, toddlers, and school-aged children. For adolescents, the flow rate can be increased to 10 liters per minute. When administering oxygen, it is important to closely monitor the patient's oxygen saturation levels and adjust the flow rate as needed to maintain adequate oxygenation.