Which resources are direct ecosystem service
1. Provisioning services - resources such as food, water, timber, and medicinal plants that are directly obtained from ecosystems.
2. Regulating services - resources such as air and water purification, climate regulation, and natural hazard mitigation that are provided by ecosystems.
3. Cultural services - resources such as spiritual and recreational benefits provided by ecosystems, including ecotourism, aesthetic enjoyment, and cultural heritage.
4. Supporting services - resources such as nutrient cycling, pollination, and soil formation that are crucial for the functioning of ecosystems and the provision of other ecosystem services.