A) Match the definition with the correct term. (4 points)
One organism kills and eats another
organism.
One organism benefits in the
relationship at the expense of the other
(one is helped, one is harmed)
One organism benefits from the
relationship, while the other is not
affected (neither helped nor harmed)
Both organisms benefit from living
closely with each other
Parasitism Mutualism Commensalism Predation
Parasitism - One organism benefits in the relationship at the expense of the other (one is helped, one is harmed)
Predation - One organism kills and eats another organism.
Commensalism - One organism benefits from the relationship, while the other is not affected (neither helped nor harmed)
Mutualism - Both organisms benefit from living closely with each other.
B) Match the example with the correct relationship type (5 points)
commensalism Mutualism Parasitism Predation
Red-billed oxpeckers travel around on
herd animals and eat ticks and parasites
living on the herd animal's skin. The birds
get food, and the herd animals get pest
control.
Aphids produce a sugary substance that
ants love. Ants protect the aphids from
predators and parasites.
Cordyceps fungus infiltrate their insect
host, where their hyphae then grow into
the insect's body and absorb nutrients
from non-essential organs while
controlling the insect's brain. When the
fungus is ready to reproduce, it directs its
host to march to a cool, moist location in
the forest where spores erupt through the
insect’s head to spread in the wind.
These beautiful Bromeliad plants use
their specialized roots to cling to tree
trunks and branches taking nothing but
support from trees; drawing their water
and nutrients from air and moisture that
accumulates between their leaves like
tiny little cups, storing water for later.
Algae grows on manatee's skin. The
manatee is not affected.
A house cat hunts mice hiding in the
house, killing and eating it.
Ticks feed on the blood of larger hosts for
sustenance and survival. Saliva from
infected ticks can also transmit diseasecausing pathogens into the host.
A pride of lions attack an elephant,
providing food for the members of the
pride.
In the ocean, then anemone protects
clownfish with its toxic tentacles and the
clownfish rids the anemone of parasites
and feeds it with fish poo.
Orca whales hunt seals, sharks, and
penguins for their food.
B
Red-billed oxpeckers travel around on herd animals and eat ticks and parasites living on the herd animal's skin. The birds get food, and the herd animals get pest control. - Mutualism
Aphids produce a sugary substance that ants love. Ants protect the aphids from predators and parasites. - Mutualism
Cordyceps fungus infiltrate their insect host, where their hyphae then grow into the insect's body and absorb nutrients from non-essential organs while controlling the insect's brain. When the fungus is ready to reproduce, it directs its host to march to a cool, moist location in the forest where spores erupt through the insect’s head to spread in the wind. - Parasitism
These beautiful Bromeliad plants use their specialized roots to cling to tree trunks and branches taking nothing but support from trees; drawing their water and nutrients from air and moisture that accumulates between their leaves like tiny little cups, storing water for later. - Commensalism
Algae grows on manatee's skin. The manatee is not affected. - Commensalism
A house cat hunts mice hiding in the house, killing and eating it. - Predation
Ticks feed on the blood of larger hosts for sustenance and survival. Saliva from infected ticks can also transmit disease-causing pathogens into the host. - Parasitism
A pride of lions attack an elephant, providing food for the members of the pride. - Predation
In the ocean, then anemone protects clownfish with its toxic tentacles and the clownfish rids the anemone of parasites and feeds it with fish poo. - Mutualism
Orca whales hunt seals, sharks, and penguins for their food. - Predation