Which experiment procedure would provide the best evidence for the effect of light on plants growth

Measure plants receiving different amount of light in their natural environments
Plant seeds of the same variety in the same conditions and vary only the amount of light, then measure plant growth
Measure plants of the same variety grown in environments that receive different amount of light
Plant seeds in different soils and expose them to different amounts of light, then measure plant growth

The experiment procedure that would provide the best evidence for the effect of light on plant growth would be to plant seeds of the same variety in the same conditions and vary only the amount of light, then measure plant growth. This eliminates the potential confounding factors of different soil conditions and allows for a direct comparison of the effect of light on plant growth.