If Columbus had not had the goal of conquering land and resources, how would his observations have changed?

If Columbus had not been driven by the goal of conquering land and resources, his observations would have likely been more focused on exploration and discovery rather than exploitation and colonization. He may have paid closer attention to the native cultures he encountered, their customs, traditions, and way of life.

Without the motive of conquest, he might have approached the indigenous peoples with more respect and curiosity, seeking to learn from them rather than exploiting or enslaving them. He could have studied their languages, recorded their knowledge, and developed a deeper understanding of their civilizations.

Columbus might have dedicated more time to scientific observations and documentation of the natural world, including geography, flora, fauna, and climate. This would have contributed to a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of the Americas, benefiting future explorers and scientists.

Additionally, without the focus on colonization, Columbus might have interacted more peacefully with the Native Americans, establishing trade and cultural exchanges instead of imposing European control. This could have led to the development of positive relationships and mutual benefits between the indigenous peoples and Europeans.

Overall, without the ambition of conquest, Columbus' observations would have likely been more objective, inclusive, and respectful, leading to a greater understanding and appreciation of the Native American cultures, as well as the natural environment of the Americas.