Posttranscriptional modification refers to the processes that occur after transcription (RNA synthesis) but prior to translation (protein synthesis). These modifications involve various alterations and processing of the primary transcript (pre-mRNA) to generate mature mRNA molecules that are capable of being translated into proteins. This includes processes like addition of a 5' cap and a poly-A tail, removal of introns through splicing, and RNA editing. These modifications enhance the stability, transportability, and functionality of mRNA molecules in the cytoplasm for efficient protein production.
