The body's ability to maintain a relatively constant internal environment is called homeostasis. This stability can be challenged by

elevated or depressed blood pH.
infectious organisms.
extreme temperatures.
reduced water or food intake.

physical injury or trauma.

stress or emotional factors.
hormonal imbalances.
toxic substances or chemicals in the environment.
genetic variations or mutations.
chronic diseases or disorders.
medications or drugs consumed.
changes in atmospheric pressure or altitude.
changes in oxygen levels in the environment.
excessive physical activity or exercise.
exposure to radiation.
improper sleep patterns.
aging process.
lifestyle habits such as smoking or excessive alcohol consumption.