a manufacturer produces cherry, peppermint, cinnamon, and orange-flavored gum. Each flavor is available with sugar or sugar-free. The gum is sold in 2-ounce, 4-ounce, or 8-ounce packages.

How many different types of labels will the manufacturers have to produce?
a 9
b 12
c 14
d 16
e 24

There are 4 flavors available (cherry, peppermint, cinnamon, and orange) and each flavor is available with sugar or sugar-free. This means there are 2 options for each flavor. Additionally, the gum is sold in 2-ounce, 4-ounce, or 8-ounce packages, which means there are 3 options for the package size.

To find the total number of different types of labels, we multiply the number of options for each characteristic together:

2 options for flavor x 2 options for sugar content x 3 options for package size = 12 different types of labels.

Therefore, the correct answer is option b) 12.