U4L10: Document C Source: Rae Yang, “Spider Eaters: A Memoir,” 1997. Rae Yang was a young girl in the spring of 1966, when she became a part of the Red Guards during the Cultural Revolution. In 1997, she published a memoir retelling the story of her life and her family in China throughout the political turmoil of the 1950s through the 1980s. In this excerpt she writes about her early experience in the Red Guards. When the Cultural Revolution broke out in late May 1966, I felt like the legendary monkey Sun Wukong, freed from the dungeon that had held him under a huge mountain for five hundred years. It was Chairman Mao Zedong who set us free by allowing us to rebel against authorities. As a student, the first authority I wanted to rebel against was Teacher Lin, our homeroom teacher. A big part of her duty was to make sure that we behaved and thought correctly. Now the time had come for the underdogs to speak up, to seek justice! Immediately I took up a brush pen, dipped it in black ink and wrote a long dazibao [propaganda poster written to denounce counter revolutionaries]. Using some of the rhetorical devices Teacher Lin had taught us, I accused her of lacking proletarian [working class] feeling toward her students, of treating them as her enemies, of being high-handed, and of suppressing different opinions. My classmates supported me by signing their names to it. Next, we took the dazibao to Teacher Lin’s home nearby and pasted it on the wall of her bedroom for her to read carefully day and night. This, of course, was not personal revenge. It was answering Chairman Mao’s call to combat the revisionist educational line. Within a few days, dazibao written by students, teachers, administrators, workers, and librarians, were popping up everywhere like bamboo shoots after a spring rain. Secrets dark and dirty were exposed. Every day we made shocking discoveries. The sacred halo around the teachers’ heads that dated back two thousand five hundred years to the time of Confucius disappeared. Now teachers must learn a few things from their students. Parents would be taught by their kids instead of vice versa, as Chairman Mao pointed out. Government officials would have to wash their ears to listen to the ordinary people. . . . Who (is speaking): Where (is this happening): When (is this written): What (is a summary of what is being said): Why (are the students motivated to be a part of the red army):

- Who: Rae Yang, a young girl who became a part of the Red Guards during the Cultural Revolution.

- Where: China
- When: The Cultural Revolution broke out in late May 1966, and this excerpt is written in 1997.
- What: Rae Yang recounts her early experience in the Red Guards, specifically her rebellion against her homeroom teacher, Teacher Lin. She writes about how she wrote a dazibao, a propaganda poster denouncing Teacher Lin, accusing her of lacking proletarian feeling, treating students as enemies, being high-handed, and suppressing different opinions. Rae and her classmates then pasted the dazibao on Teacher Lin's bedroom wall. This act was seen as answering Chairman Mao's call to combat the revisionist educational line. Additionally, Rae mentions that dazibao were being written by various individuals, exposing secrets and challenging traditional hierarchical structures.
- Why: The students are motivated to be a part of the Red Guards because Chairman Mao had allowed them to rebel against authorities and seek justice. They believed that they were answering Chairman Mao's call and challenging the revisionist educational line.