Which evidence best supports the claim that mutations are a source of inheritable genetic variation? (1 point)
Mutations can only happen during meiosis because genes are inherited.
Mutations affect the way DNA is created through transcription.
Mutations affect protein synthesis which impacts the way traits are expressed.
Mutations are not inheritable from gametes because they are given from each parent.
The evidence that best supports the claim that mutations are a source of inheritable genetic variation is: "Mutations affect protein synthesis which impacts the way traits are expressed." This is because mutations can alter the sequence of DNA, which in turn can lead to changes in the proteins that are produced. These changes in proteins can then impact the way traits are expressed in an organism and can be passed on to future generations through inheritance.
Examine the two strands of DNA below. Which kind of mutation occurred?
Original strand: AGC GTA CCC TAC New strand: AGC GTA ACC TAC
(1 point)
substitution insertion frameshift deletion
The kind of mutation that occurred in the given DNA strands is a substitution. This is because there is a change in one nucleotide (C to A) in the new strand compared to the original strand.
Millions of years ago, the ancestors of giraffes had short necks and used to eat leaves from the bushes on the ground. A genetic mutation caused one giraffe's neck to be taller. This long-necked giraffe was able to eat leaves that were higher up on trees. This gave it an advantage as it was able to access more food than other giraffes. Over millions of years, all of the giraffes became long-necked. Which type of environmental factor caused this mutation to be inherited? (1 point)
exercise requirement polluted environment food availability radiation exposure
The type of environmental factor that caused this mutation to be inherited is food availability. The genetic mutation that resulted in a longer neck provided the giraffe with an advantage in accessing food that was higher up in the trees. Over time, the giraffes with this advantageous trait were better able to survive and reproduce, passing on the mutation to their offspring. This demonstrates natural selection, where the environment (specifically, the availability of food) played a role in determining which genetic traits were advantageous and therefore inherited by future generations.
What is one way that a frameshift mutation could occur?
(1 point)
three nucleotides are deleted two nucleotides are deleted two nucleotides are substituted three nucleotides are inserted