The main problem that led Rome to change from a monarchy to a republic was the issue of tyrannical rule. The last Roman king, Tarquinius Superbus (Tarquin the Proud), ruled with cruelty and oppression, leading to widespread discontent and the emergence of a desire for a more democratic system of governance. As a result, the Roman aristocracy led by Lucius Brutus and Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus established a republic in 509 BCE, in which power was shared among multiple individuals rather than concentrated in the hands of a single monarch. This change was aimed at preventing the reemergence of tyrants and ensuring a more equitable distribution of power.
