definitions for each
Alban Berg
Anton Webern
Arnold Schoenberg
jazz
ragtime
Scott Joplin
Second Viennese School
tone row
Alban Berg: Alban Berg was an Austrian composer and member of the Second Viennese School. He is known for his atonal and expressionist compositions, which often explored darker and more complex emotions.
Anton Webern: Anton Webern was an Austrian composer and member of the Second Viennese School. Known for his innovative approach to composition, Webern is known for his use of serialism and the development of the twelve-tone method.
Arnold Schoenberg: Arnold Schoenberg was an Austrian composer, music theorist, and painter. He is best known for his development of atonality and the twelve-tone method, which revolutionized music composition in the early 20th century.
Jazz: Jazz is a genre of music that originated in African American communities in the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is characterized by improvisation, syncopation, and swing rhythms, and is often associated with a combination of African and European musical traditions.
Ragtime: Ragtime is a musical genre that emerged in the late 19th century, primarily in African American communities. It is characterized by its syncopated rhythm and is often played on the piano. Ragtime heavily influenced the development of jazz.
Scott Joplin: Scott Joplin was an African American composer and pianist who was a key figure in the development of ragtime music. Known as the "King of Ragtime," Joplin composed many famous ragtime pieces, including "The Entertainer" and "Maple Leaf Rag."
Second Viennese School: The Second Viennese School refers to a group of composers in Vienna, Austria from the early 20th century, including Arnold Schoenberg, Alban Berg, and Anton Webern. They were known for their revolutionary approach to composition, including the use of atonality and the twelve-tone method.
Tone row: In music, a tone row is a specific ordering of the twelve pitch classes in a composition. It forms the basis for the twelve-tone method of composition, which was developed by Arnold Schoenberg. The tone row ensures that no pitch class is repeated until all twelve have been presented.