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To effectively trace an argument, use the following strategies:
1. Identify the main claim: Sometimes the main claim is not explicitly stated. You may need to ask yourself, “ What is the author's position on the topic?”
2. Identify supporting reasons: What points does the author make in support of his/her claim?
3. Assess the evidence: Keep track of what the author uses to support each reason. Opinions should not be used as evidence.
4. Evaluate counterarguments: Consider any opposing viewpoints or arguments that the author may address or refute.
5. Determine the logical structure: Identify how the author presents the argument, whether it is through deductive reasoning, inductive reasoning, or another form of logic.
6. Identify any fallacies: Look for any logical fallacies or errors in reasoning that the author may commit.
7. Analyze the rhetorical devices: Pay attention to any persuasive techniques or rhetorical devices the author uses to strengthen their argument.
8. Assess the overall effectiveness: Evaluate how well the author's argument is presented and whether it is convincing or persuasive.
9. Summarize and restate the argument: Condense the main claim, supporting reasons, and evidence into a concise statement that accurately represents the author's argument.