1. Explain how Renaissance humanists influenced the Scientific Revolution
A. Humanists started universities to study ancient works from Greece.
B. Humanists returned to the learnings of the church and the texts of the Bible.
C. Humanists learned Greek and Latin and were eager to rediscover works of ancient scholars.
D. Humanists were inspired by Islamic scholars and spread the Islamic culture to Europe.
2. Which of the following explains how the scientific method changed values and beliefs over time?
A. it treated observable facts and faith with the same understanding.
B. It treated observable facts as more valuable to our understanding of the universe than faith alone.
C. It treated the ancient Greek philosophers with respect and maintained they could never be wrong.
D. It treated faith and the beliefs of the church as the absolute truth.
3. Andreas Vesalius went against the Catholic Church by doing what?
A. creating the laws of motion
B. asking monarchies to fund research
C. believing the sun isat the center of the universe
D. dissections on human bodies
4. Describe what hindered Galileo and Descartes in their work?
A. the opinions of others
B. a lack of resources
C. new mathematical theories
D. the Catholic Church
5. Which of the following explains how the Scientific Revolution influenced society?
A. People were eager to follow the church’s advice.
B. People wanted to explore truth and rationalism.
C. People wanted to be told how and what to think.
D. People wanted to believe as they always had and stick by the ancient Greeks’ findings.
1. C. Humanists learned Greek and Latin and were eager to rediscover works of ancient scholars. Renaissance humanists played a crucial role in the Scientific Revolution by studying and translating ancient works from Greece and Rome, which included scientific ideas and methods. Their curiosity and enthusiasm for learning led to a renewed interest in the pursuit of knowledge and the advancement of science.
2. B. It treated observable facts as more valuable to our understanding of the universe than faith alone. The scientific method prioritizes empirical evidence and observation in order to gain knowledge about the natural world. This approach challenged traditional beliefs and religious dogma, as it emphasized the importance of evidence-based reasoning and critical thinking over blind faith.
3. D. Dissections on human bodies. Andreas Vesalius, a Flemish anatomist, challenged the authority of the Catholic Church by conducting detailed dissections on human bodies, which were seen as sacrilegious at the time. His groundbreaking work, "De humani corporis fabrica," revolutionized the study of anatomy and laid the foundation for modern medicine.
4. D. The Catholic Church. Both Galileo Galilei and René Descartes faced significant opposition and persecution from the Catholic Church due to their scientific ideas. Galileo's support for the heliocentric model of the solar system contradicted the Church's geocentric worldview and was deemed heretical, while Descartes' approach to understanding the natural world through reason and skepticism challenged religious authority.
5. B. People wanted to explore truth and rationalism. The Scientific Revolution sparked an intellectual and cultural shift towards a more rational and evidence-based understanding of the world. People were no longer content with blindly following religious doctrine; instead, they sought to explore truth through scientific inquiry. This led to advancements in various fields and laid the groundwork for the Age of Enlightenment.