1. Which of the following statements explains the major cause of the English Reformation?
A. Mary I’s execution of the Archbishop of Canterbury
B. the violence resulting from Mary I’s reinstatement of Catholicism in England
C. the pope’s refusal to annul Henry VIII’s marriage to Catherine of Aragon
D. Henry VIII’s condemnation of Martin Luther’s teachings
2. Which of these statements best summarizes the outcome of the Thirty Years’ War?
A. Protestants and Catholics continued to control the same areas in Europe that they had at the beginning of this conflict.
B. Protestantism overtook Catholicism as the official religion in Italy and Spain.
C. European Catholics and Protestants lived in religious harmony after the end of this conflict.
D. Catholics regained control of Lutheran strongholds in the northern Holy Roman Empire.
3. Which is an accurate analysis of attitudes toward women and witchcraft based on this passage from Malleus Maleficarum?
A. Women were considered to be easily tempted by evil spirits to accept witchcraft.
B. Women were intelligent enough to avoid evil spirits and witchcraft.
C. Women were still able to be virtuous after accepting evil spirits and witchcraft.
D. Women were more capable of resisting evil spirits and witchcraft than men were.
4. What was one similar characteristic shared by European Jews and women accused of witchcraft during the Protestant Reformation and the Counter-Reformation?
A. Both groups were forced to wear yellow badges that identified them as Jews or accused witches.
B. Both groups were highly esteemed in Protestant and Catholic societies.
C. Both groups were used as scapegoats for many of the religious and political problems in Europe at that time.
D. Both groups were required to live in self-contained ghettos within their communities.
5. What situation did Holy Roman Empire ambassador Simon Renard describe as difficult to repress because of the English people’s experiences with the Anglican Church?
A. Mary, Queen of Scots’s attempt to remove Elizabeth I as monarch
B. Elizabeth I’s attempt to execute Mary, Queen of Scots
C. Mary I’s attempt to restore Catholicism to England
D. Catherine of Aragon’s attempt to preserve her marriage to Henry VIII
answer all
1. C. the pope’s refusal to annul Henry VIII’s marriage to Catherine of Aragon
2. A. Protestants and Catholics continued to control the same areas in Europe that they had at the beginning of this conflict.
3. A. Women were considered to be easily tempted by evil spirits to accept witchcraft.
4. C. Both groups were used as scapegoats for many of the religious and political problems in Europe at that time.
5. C. Mary I’s attempt to restore Catholicism to England