What supporting background information identifies the problem of water scarcity in Asia and provides supporting evidence that the problem exists
One supporting background information that identifies the problem of water scarcity in Asia is the rapid population growth and urbanization in the region. According to the United Nations, Asia has the largest population in the world, with over 4.6 billion people. As the population continues to grow, the demand for water increases, putting immense pressure on limited water resources.
Another supporting background information is the increasing pollution and degradation of water sources. Rapid industrialization and agricultural activities in Asia have resulted in the contamination of rivers, lakes, and groundwater. The discharge of untreated sewage, industrial waste, and excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides further deteriorate water quality.
Furthermore, climate change is exacerbating the problem of water scarcity in Asia. Changing rainfall patterns, rising temperatures, and prolonged droughts are impacting the availability and access to water resources. The Asian Development Bank estimates that by 2050, as many as 3.4 billion people in the region could face water scarcity due to climate change.
Supporting evidence that the problem of water scarcity exists in Asia can be seen through various case studies and statistics. For example, in India, the world's second-most populous country, more than 600 million people face high to extreme water stress, according to the Water Aid organization. The country is also experiencing a rapid depletion of groundwater levels, with some areas sinking by several feet each year.
Similarly, in China, which has a population of over 1.4 billion, around 60% of the country's cities face water scarcity issues. Several major rivers, including the Yellow River and Yangtze River, have experienced significant pollution and depletion.
Moreover, in Southeast Asian countries like Indonesia, Thailand, and Vietnam, the unsustainable use of water resources for agriculture and the growing tourism industry is leading to water scarcity in many regions. The Mekong River, which serves as a crucial water source for millions of people, is also facing threats from dam construction and over-extraction.
These examples and statistics demonstrate the existence of water scarcity in Asia and highlight the urgency to address this pressing issue.