In 3–5 sentences, compare the causes and effects of constitutional monarchy in England with the causes and effects of absolute monarchy in Russia. from the text below
Peter the Great At the time of Peter I’s (or Peter the Great’s) birth in 1672, Russia was not a nation that seemed ripe for absolute rule. The Russian language did not yet have a word for monarchy or government—just the title of its ruler, tsar, which was itself adapted from the Latin word caesar. The government as it existed was feudal and followed unwritten rules. The boyar class made up of aristocratic and landowning Russians, ruled along with the tsar for centuries. All shared power over Russia’s huge territory, which included people of many ethnicities. Power struggles among the boyars meant that, although a 10-year-old Peter was technically made co-tsar with his half-brother in 1682, like Louis XIV he did not become a true ruler until later in his life. However, Peter’s path to ruling was more difficult than announcing that he would now take absolute power. He had to wait until a revolt in the army gave him an opportunity to remove his half-brother's family from power. Even then, it was many years until he could reasonably be called an absolute ruler. Peter built his power by military success, force of personality, and sheer will. Russia before Peter was extremely isolated from the rest of Europe. In fact, once a French king sent a letter to a tsar who had died 12 years previously. Peter made his reputation and brought Russia into the consciousness of Europe by achieving military success against the Ottoman Turks. He did this while expanding the Russian Empire
The causes of constitutional monarchy in England were rooted in political developments such as the Magna Carta and the English Civil War. These events led to a shift in power from the monarchy to the Parliament, resulting in the establishment of a constitutional monarchy with limited royal powers. The effects of constitutional monarchy in England were the gradual development of democratic principles, the protection of individual liberties, and the establishment of a stable and accountable government.
On the other hand, the causes of absolute monarchy in Russia were primarily due to a lack of centralized political authority and power struggles among the boyars. Peter the Great's ascent to absolute power was facilitated by a revolt in the army, allowing him to remove his half-brother's family from power. The effects of absolute monarchy in Russia were the consolidation of power in the hands of the tsar, the modernization and Westernization of Russia, and the creation of a more centralized and bureaucratic state.
In summary, while the causes of constitutional monarchy in England were driven by political developments and the desire for a more accountable government, the causes of absolute monarchy in Russia were rooted in power struggles and a lack of centralized authority. The effects of constitutional monarchy in England were the gradual development of democratic principles and the protection of individual liberties, while the effects of absolute monarchy in Russia were the consolidation of power and the modernization of the state.